Miami-Dade County · Manufacturing Feedstock System OverviewCondado de Miami-Dade · Descripción General del Sistema de Materiales
Feedstock System Assessment · 12 min read · DOC 01 OF 06

What this document is

The county's own solid waste infrastructure and Zero Waste Master Plan data, re-read to size the one stream the plan itself cannot close: the residual left after all 31 strategies are fully implemented.

Three things this document says
  1. Full implementation of the ZWMP's 31 strategies takes the county from 36% to 77% diversion — 13 points short of the Mayor's 90%-by-2040 commitment.
  2. That gap leaves an estimated 1,181,467 tons/yr (~3,237 TPD) still bound for landfill even after 13 years of the plan's own execution.
  3. North Dade landfill reaches capacity in 2030, South Dade in 2032 — the residual has nowhere to go without a conversion layer.
Carbotura · Circular Advantage Program · Feedstock AssessmentCarbotura · Programa Circular Advantage · Evaluación de Materiales

Miami-Dade County
Feedstock System Assessment
Condado de Miami-Dade
Evaluación del Sistema de Materiales

The County's own draft Zero Waste Master Plan (WSP USA + Kessler Consulting + Abbe & Associates + Catalyst Miami, July 2026) gets Miami-Dade from 36% to 77% diversion. Manufacturing feedstock is precisely the gap the plan's own numbers leave behind — an estimated 1,181,467 tons/yr, still landfill-bound after 13 years of full implementation.

El propio borrador del Plan Maestro de Cero Residuos del Condado (WSP USA + Kessler Consulting + Abbe & Associates + Catalyst Miami, julio 2026) lleva a Miami-Dade del 36% al 77% de desviación. El material de manufactura es precisamente la brecha que dejan las propias cifras del plan.

Document: Stage 1 Feedstock System AssessmentDocumento: Evaluación del Sistema de Materiales — Prepared for: Miami-Dade County, FloridaPreparado para: Condado de Miami-Dade, Florida Date:Fecha: August 2026Agosto 2026

System Characterization — The County's Own NumbersCaracterización del Sistema — Las Propias Cifras del Condado

Every figure in this section is the County's own, from its own draft Zero Waste Master Plan (ZWMP) and Appendix D (Waste Stream & Systems Characterization, two-season waste composition study by SCS Engineers–AtkinsRealis). This document does not correct or dispute the plan — it reads the plan's own arithmetic through to its residual.

§1.2 — Generation, Disposal, and Diversion (2024 Baseline)Generación, Disposición y Desviación (Base 2024)

Miami-Dade County generated 5,156,683 tons of solid waste in 2024, of which 3,290,460 tons (≈9,015 TPD) was disposed rather than diverted — a 36% diversion rate (1,866,224 tons/yr diverted). The County's own Zero Waste Master Plan models full implementation of all 31 recommended strategies raising diversion to 77% — an additional 2,108,992 tons/yr diverted. Population served: 2,774,841 (2024), projected to 2,910,500 by 2030.

MetricMétrica 2024 BaselineBase 2024 Full ZWMP ImplementationImplementación Completa PMCR SourceFuente
Total generationGeneración total5,156,683 tons/yrVERIFIED ZWMP App. D
Diversion rateTasa de desviación36% (1,866,224 tons/yr)77% (+2,108,992 tons/yr additional)VERIFIED ZWMP master plan
Residual to landfillResidual a relleno sanitario3,290,460 tons/yr (≈9,015 TPD)≈1,181,467 tons/yr (≈3,237 TPD)ESTIMATED derived from VERIFIED figures
Mayoral commitmentCompromiso de la Alcaldesa90% diversion by 2040 — full ZWMP implementation reaches 77%, a 13-point gapVERIFIED ZWMP master plan
Population servedPoblación atendida2,774,841 (2024)2,910,500 (2030 projected)VERIFIED ZWMP App. D
Table 1.2 — Diversion Trajectory Under Full Plan ImplementationTabla 1.2 — Trayectoria de Desviación bajo Implementación Completa Source: Miami-Dade County draft Zero Waste Master Plan (July 2026) and Appendix D (Waste Stream & Systems Characterization, SCS Engineers–AtkinsRealis two-season waste composition study).
The residual is the addressable manufacturing feedstock stream.El residual es el flujo de material de manufactura direccionable. Even under the plan's own best-case, fully-funded, 13-year execution of all 31 strategies, an estimated 1,181,467 tons/yr (~3,237 TPD) of material has no diversion pathway and is modeled to continue to landfill. This is not a criticism of the plan's ambition — it is the plan's own arithmetic. Total Addressable Feedstock for an ACM facility declines over time as the plan phases in: near-term disposal of ~9,000 TPD narrowing toward the ~3,237 TPD steady-state residual.

§1.3 — The County's Own Pyrolysis PrecedentEl Propio Precedente de Pirólisis del Condado

Appendix E of the ZWMP documents that the County itself piloted a BET-PRD 1000 pyrolysis system at South Dade Landfill — processing 150 tons of yard debris into 30 tons of biochar over approximately four months on less than half an acre — before setting the program aside for market-uncertainty reasons, not technical failure. The County has already validated the direction of thermochemical conversion; what the pilot lacked was a commercial structure sized to the county's actual residual volume. This document does not describe Carbotura as a biochar or pyrolysis vendor — Carbotura's elemental dissociation process (see Proposal §3) is a distinct, larger-scale manufacturing pathway — but the County's own pilot is directly relevant precedent for what this document proposes: conversion capacity matched to a real, continuing residual stream.El Apéndice E del PMCR documenta que el propio Condado piloteó un sistema de pirólisis BET-PRD 1000 en el Relleno Sanitario South Dade.

§1.4 — Appendix E — Additional Plan FindingsApéndice E — Hallazgos Adicionales del Plan

The ZWMP recommends phased three-stream collection (MSW / recyclables / organics) and explicitly rejects mixed-waste processing as a systemwide strategy. Its organics Alternative Scenario (anaerobic digestion + tunnel composting) was selected partly for an estimated +2,300 person-years of employment and +$670M in regional output — the same category of regional economic argument this Assessment and the companion Economic Impact Report extend to the residual-conversion layer (see EIR §2). Renewable natural gas revenue in the plan's organics model is conservatively priced at $2.50/MMBtu. C&D fines and above-ratio food scraps continue to landfill under the plan's own baseline scenario — both are named problem streams a residual-conversion facility absorbs alongside the core MSW residual.El PMCR recomienda la recolección en tres flujos por fases y rechaza explícitamente el procesamiento de residuos mixtos.

Logistics and InfrastructureLogística e Infraestructura

Miami-Dade County operates three Regional Transfer Stations (Northeast at 18701 NE 6th Ave — 1,200 TPD, Central at 1150 NW 20th St — 1,200 TPD, and West at 2900 SW 72nd Ave — 1,300 TPD) per the ZWMP infrastructure chapter. From there, material routes to the South Dade Landfill (2,100 TPD capacity) and the WM Medley Landfill (3,000 TPD capacity), with WM's Pembroke Pines MRF (750 TPD) and C&D MRF (1,200 TPD) handling recyclables and construction debris respectively. Beyond in-county capacity, the County exports to four out-of-county landfills — Okeechobee, the JED/St. Cloud landfill, Heart of Florida, and Broward County processing — a direct measure of how much value currently leaves the county with the material.El Condado de Miami-Dade opera tres Estaciones de Transferencia Regionales.

FacilityInstalaciónCapacityCapacidadCurrent RoleFunción ActualSourceFuente
Northeast Transfer StationEstación de Transferencia Noreste1,200 TPDCompaction and dispatchCompactación y despachoVERIFIED ZWMP App. D
Central Transfer StationEstación de Transferencia Central1,200 TPDCompaction and dispatchCompactación y despachoVERIFIED ZWMP App. D
West Transfer StationEstación de Transferencia Oeste1,300 TPDCompaction and dispatch; near Medley LFCompactación y despacho; cerca del relleno MedleyVERIFIED ZWMP App. D
South Dade Landfill (Class I)2,100 TPDPrimary county-owned MSW disposal — full 2032VERIFIED ZWMP master plan
North Dade Landfill (Class III)Yard waste / C&D — full 2030VERIFIED ZWMP master plan
WM Medley Landfill3,000 TPDPrimary private contracted MSW disposalVERIFIED ZWMP App. D
WM MRF (Pembroke Pines)750 TPDRecyclables processingVERIFIED ZWMP App. D
WM C&D MRF1,200 TPDConstruction & demolition debris processingVERIFIED ZWMP App. D
Out-of-county exports — Okeechobee / JED-St. Cloud / Heart of Florida / BrowardNot fully disclosedOut-of-county disposal and processing — value leaves the countyVERIFIED ZWMP master plan
Out-of-county dependence is a value-capture argument, not just a logistics fact.La dependencia fuera del condado es un argumento de captura de valor. Every ton exported to Okeechobee, JED/St. Cloud, Heart of Florida, or Broward processing is a ton whose disposal cost, and any future material value, is realized outside Miami-Dade County. A residual-conversion facility sited in-county converts an export cost into a local Beneficiation Fee and Circular Royalty™ stream instead.

Cost StructureEstructura de Costos

§3.1 — Verified Disposal Fee Schedule (Effective October 1, 2025)Tarifa de Disposición Verificada (Vigente 1 oct. 2025)

Fully Weighted Disposal Cost (FWDC): $92.78/ton — VERIFIED, unchanged. The all-in contracted rate for permitted haulers using the Regional Transfer Station system is $76.12/ton (contract disposal rate) + $16.66/ton (transfer station fee) = $92.78/ton. Source: Miami-Dade County DSWM Disposal Facility Fee Schedule, effective October 1, 2025. This remains the planning basis for the Beneficiation Fee (TMC Fee) calculation in the Proposal document.
Cost ElementElemento de CostoRateTarifaBasisBaseSourceFuente
Contract disposal rate (gate, per ton)Tarifa de disposición contratada (por tonelada)$76.12/tonDSWM permitted hauler long-term contract rateVERIFIED
Transfer Station fee (contract, per ton)Tarifa de Estación de Transferencia (por tonelada)$16.66/tonAdded to disposal fee for waste via Regional Transfer StationsVERIFIED
Fully Weighted Disposal Cost (FWDC) — all-in contracted$92.78/ton$76.12 + $16.66 — planning basis for all section calculationsVERIFIED
Non-contract gate rate (per ton)Tarifa sin contrato (por tonelada)$115.80/tonWalk-in / unpermitted hauler rateVERIFIED
Residential waste assessment$547–$509/household/yrFY2024-25; non-ad valorem tax assessment; separate from disposal costVERIFIED
Draft ZWMP administrative cost (full plan)$1,363,921 total$1,014,880 one-time + $349,040/yr — explicitly excludes infrastructure capexVERIFIED ZWMP master plan
WM / out-of-county disposal costNot disclosedPrivate contract terms; not public recordDATA GAP
Table 3.1 — Disposal Cost StructureTabla 3.1 — Estructura de Costos de Disposición All rates from official DSWM sources except where noted. Source: DSWM Disposal Facility Fee Schedule, Oct 1 2025; draft ZWMP, July 2026.

§3.2 — Landfill Capacity Is the Binding ConstraintLa Capacidad de Rellenos Es la Restricción Vinculante

North Dade full 2030, South Dade full 2032 — VERIFIED, ZWMP master plan.North Dade lleno en 2030, South Dade lleno en 2032 — VERIFICADO. The plan's own 13-year diversion trajectory does not eliminate the county's need for residual disposal capacity within that window — it only narrows the volume. A conversion facility sized to the plan's own modeled residual (~3,237 TPD at full implementation, larger during the phase-in years) is the only pathway that keeps pace with landfill closure without a new landfill or import-dependent long-haul contracting.

Zero Waste Master Plan — the Decision WindowPlan Maestro de Cero Residuos — la Ventana de Decisión

The plan is in its public-comment / pre-adoption window.El plan está en su ventana de comentario público / pre-adopción. The draft ZWMP (dated July 2026) has not yet been formally adopted by the Board of County Commissioners. This is the decision window: engaging before adoption is how the residual-conversion layer gets written into the final plan, rather than retrofitted after adoption as a separate procurement.

The County's WTE-related procurement question that shaped earlier planning cycles has been resolved — the Board approved a $65M WTE-related contract with AtkinsRealis. That decision is settled and is not the subject of this Assessment. The live decision for the County today is what happens to the plan's own residual stream once all 31 diversion strategies are running at full capacity: the plan closes 41 points of the diversion gap (36%→77%) but does not, on its own arithmetic, close the remaining 13 points to the Mayor's 90%-by-2040 commitment.La pregunta de adquisición relacionada con WTE del Condado que dio forma a ciclos de planificación anteriores ya se resolvió.

ItemElementoStatusEstadoSourceFuente
Zero Waste Master PlanDraft, dated July 2026 — public-comment / pre-adoption windowVERIFIED
Mayoral diversion commitment90% diversion by 2040 — full plan implementation reaches 77%VERIFIED
WTE-related procurementResolved — $65M contract with AtkinsRealis approvedVERIFIED — settled, not a live decision
North Dade Landfill (Class III)Full 2030VERIFIED
South Dade Landfill (Class I)Full 2032VERIFIED
Community engagement basis2,000+ individuals engaged; 1,448 survey responses; 84 outreach activities (Aug 2025–May 2026)VERIFIED ZWMP App. C
Plan GHG reduction claim1,739,561 MTCO2E/yr at full implementation (WARM model)VERIFIED
Table 4.1 — ZWMP Status Summary Source: Miami-Dade County draft Zero Waste Master Plan (July 2026), Appendix C (Community Engagement) and Appendix D.

Executive Implications — Regulatory

  • The plan-adoption window is the decision point. Engaging on the residual-conversion layer before the Board formally adopts the ZWMP is how it gets written into the plan itself, rather than negotiated separately afterward.
  • The plan validates, it does not compete. Nothing in this Assessment disputes any of the 31 ZWMP strategies. The residual-conversion layer addresses precisely the volume the plan's own diversion math does not reach.
  • Landfill capacity closes on a fixed calendar the plan alone does not change. North Dade (2030) and South Dade (2032) reach capacity within the plan's own implementation horizon — residual disposal capacity is a hard constraint, not a modeling assumption.

The Residual Stream — the Carbotura-Addressable GapEl Flujo Residual — la Brecha Direccionable por Carbotura

§5.1 — System-Wide Residual SummaryResumen Residual del Sistema

ScenarioEscenarioTPDTPYNotesNotas
Current disposal (2024 baseline, 36% diversion)Disposición actual (base 2024, desviación 36%)≈9,0153,290,460VERIFIED ZWMP App. D
Residual at full plan implementation (77% diversion)Residual con implementación completa (desviación 77%)≈3,237≈1,181,467ESTIMATED — derived from VERIFIED figures
Table 5.1 — Residual Stream, Current vs. Full Plan Implementation Total Addressable Feedstock for an ACM facility is not a single fixed number — it declines from near-term ~9,000 TPD toward the ~3,237 TPD steady-state residual as the ZWMP's 31 strategies phase in over their 13-year horizon. A facility sized to the terminal residual remains sized correctly throughout the phase-in; a facility sized only to near-term disposal will be oversized relative to the plan's own trajectory.

§5.2 — Phase Configuration PreviewVista Previa de Configuración por Fase

Conservative (Phase Initial): Sized against near-term disposal volume, well within the IMMEDIATE addressable stream while the ZWMP's 31 strategies are still ramping.Conservador (Fase Inicial):

Full deployment (Phase Expanded): Sized against the plan's own terminal residual (~3,237 TPD) — the volume that remains addressable indefinitely, independent of how successfully the County executes its own diversion strategies. See Proposal §2 for site-specific sizing.Despliegue completo (Fase Expandida):

Infrastructure Map — Waste System FacilitiesMapa de Infraestructura — Instalaciones del Sistema de Residuos

The following two-panel display shows current active waste management facilities across Miami-Dade County per the ZWMP infrastructure chapter. The right panel is always visible. When a Google Maps API key is configured in config.js, the interactive map renders in the left panel with bidirectional interaction.

Interactive map available when Google Maps API key is set in config.js Facility data is fully available in the panel →

Executive Implications — Feedstock System Assessment

  • The plan's own arithmetic leaves ≈1,181,467 tons/yr (≈3,237 TPD) landfill-bound at full implementation. This is not an estimate Carbotura introduces — it is the direct residual of the ZWMP's own 36%→77% trajectory against its 90%-by-2040 mayoral commitment.
  • The verified all-in disposal cost is $92.78/ton. Unchanged from the DSWM fee schedule; this remains the planning basis for the Beneficiation Fee in the Proposal document.
  • Landfill capacity closes on the plan's own calendar. North Dade in 2030, South Dade in 2032 — both fall within the ZWMP's own 13-year implementation horizon.
  • The County has already validated the direction. Its own BET-PRD 1000 pyrolysis pilot at South Dade Landfill demonstrated thermochemical conversion works; it lacked a commercial structure sized to the actual residual. Strategy 32 is that structure.
Was this assessment useful?¿Fue útil esta evaluación?

Appendix A — Evidence ChainApéndice A — Cadena de Evidencia

Appendix A

Source Traceability by Key Claim

ClaimAfirmaciónSourceFuenteDateFechaTypeTipo
Total generation: 5,156,683 tons/yr (2024)Miami-Dade draft Zero Waste Master Plan, Appendix DJul 2026VERIFIED
Disposal: 3,290,460 tons/yr; 36% diversionZWMP master planJul 2026VERIFIED
Full-implementation diversion: 77%ZWMP master plan, 31-strategy modelJul 2026VERIFIED
Residual at full implementation: ≈1,181,467 tons/yrDerived: 5,156,683 × (1 − 0.77), reconciled against ZWMP disposal figuresAug 2026ESTIMATED
North Dade full 2030; South Dade full 2032ZWMP master plan, infrastructure chapterJul 2026VERIFIED
FWDC: $76.12 + $16.66 = $92.78/tonDSWM Disposal Facility Fee Schedule (official published document)Oct 1, 2025VERIFIED
BET-PRD 1000 pyrolysis pilot: 150t → 30t biocharZWMP Appendix EJul 2026VERIFIED
Engagement: 2,000+ individuals, 1,448 surveys, 84 activitiesZWMP Appendix C (Community Engagement)Aug 2025–May 2026VERIFIED
GHG reduction: 1,739,561 MTCO2E/yrZWMP master plan (WARM model)Jul 2026VERIFIED
WTE-related contract: $65M, AtkinsRealis, approvedBoard of County Commissioners action2026VERIFIED

Appendix B — Change FactorsApéndice B — Factores de Cambio

Appendix B — Key Change Factors
  1. ZWMP adoption timing. Engagement before the Board formally adopts the plan is the window for writing the residual-conversion layer into the plan itself. Adoption without that layer means the 13-point gap to the Mayor's 90% commitment goes unaddressed in the county's own official roadmap.
  2. Diversion program execution risk. The 77% full-implementation figure assumes successful execution of all 31 strategies. Under-execution widens the residual stream (increasing the addressable volume); over-performance narrows it modestly but does not eliminate it, since the plan's own model tops out at 77%, not 90%.
  3. Landfill capacity timeline. North Dade (2030) and South Dade (2032) are fixed constraints independent of diversion performance — residual disposal capacity must exist regardless of how the diversion strategies perform.
  4. Organics Alternative Scenario adoption. If the County proceeds with the anaerobic digestion + tunnel composting Alternative Scenario (App. E), the +2,300 person-year, +$670M regional-output case the plan itself makes for organics investment directly parallels the economic case for residual-conversion capacity (see EIR §2).

Appendix C — Sources and ReferencesApéndice C — Fuentes y Referencias

Public Sources — All Citations External and Readable

  • Miami-Dade County draft Zero Waste Master Plan (July 2026) — WSP USA, Kessler Consulting, Abbe & Associates, Catalyst Miami · master plan + generation/diversion/GHG figures · Age: Current
  • ZWMP Appendix C — Community Engagement — 2,000+ individuals, 1,448 survey responses, 84 outreach activities, Aug 2025–May 2026 · Age: Current
  • ZWMP Appendix D — Waste Stream & Systems Characterization — SCS Engineers–AtkinsRealis two-season waste composition study · facility capacities, generation figures · Age: Current
  • ZWMP Appendix E — BET-PRD 1000 pyrolysis pilot; organics Alternative Scenario; RNG pricing; named residual problem streams · Age: Current
  • DSWM Disposal Facility Fee Schedule (Oct 1, 2025) — miamidade.gov/resources/solid-waste/documents/disposal-facility-fees.pdf · Official fee schedule; $76.12/ton contract rate; $16.66/ton transfer fee · Age: Current

All sources are publicly accessible. No internal Carbotura identifiers are used in citations above. Data age noted for each source.

Appendix D — Authoritative GlossaryApéndice D — Glosario Autorizado

Appendix D — Full Glossary
ACM — Advanced Circular ManufacturingACM — Manufactura Circular Avanzada
Carbotura's proprietary process that converts heterogeneous manufacturing feedstock into manufactured outputs via elemental dissociation. Sized here to the ZWMP's own modeled residual stream — the volume the plan's 31 diversion strategies do not reach.
CSA — Circular Supply Agreement
The perpetual service agreement (minimum 30 years from COD) under which Miami-Dade County delivers feedstock to an ACM facility and receives the Circular Royalty™. The CSA is the primary instrument analyzed in the Proposal document.
FWDC — Fully Weighted Disposal Cost
The all-in cost per ton incurred by the county when disposing of waste through the Regional Transfer Station system. For Miami-Dade County: $76.12/ton contract disposal rate + $16.66/ton transfer station fee = $92.78/ton (VERIFIED, DSWM fee schedule, Oct 1, 2025). This is the planning basis for the Beneficiation Fee calculation.
Beneficiation Fee (TMC Fee)
The per-ton fee paid by the county to Carbotura under the CSA. See Proposal §3 for the Miami-Dade-specific rate and its relationship to the FWDC.
Circular Royalty™
A cash payment made by Carbotura to Miami-Dade County under the CSA, beginning 13 months after Carbotura's receipt of the first Beneficiation Fee payment (CSA Art. 1.5). The royalty applies a 120%→150% multiplier (escalating +1 percentage point per year) to the current-year escalated Beneficiation Fee. See Commercial Canon for the full formula.
TPD / TPY
Tons Per Day / Tons Per Year. Miami-Dade County's system operates 365 days per year. All TPY figures in this document use the formula: TPD × 365.
DSWM
Miami-Dade County Department of Solid Waste Management. The county agency responsible for residential and commercial waste collection, transfer station operations, and county-owned landfill operations.
ZWMP — Zero Waste Master Plan
Miami-Dade County's draft plan (July 2026; WSP USA, Kessler Consulting, Abbe & Associates, Catalyst Miami) recommending 31 strategies to raise diversion from 36% to 77%. Currently in its public-comment / pre-adoption window.
Strategy 32 — Residual Conversion
Carbotura's proposed positioning within the ZWMP framework: a residual-conversion layer sized to the volume the plan's own 31 strategies do not divert. See Proposal §1.
The Residual Stream
The tonnage still disposed after full ZWMP implementation — estimated at ≈1,181,467 tons/yr (≈3,237 TPD) — derived from the plan's own VERIFIED generation and diversion-rate figures.